Plan on a Smoking in Pregnancy-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: Make a Project Plan on a Smoking in Pregnancy. Answer: Introduction The primary focus of the project is to eradicate the effects that appertain to smoking in pregnancy. The target population is women of childbearing age (18) in Illinois state who are pregnant or have prospects to have children in future. The run time of the project is four years. The time frame will be sufficient in the synthesizing of the projects core objectives and the sub-objectives (tactical and operational objectives). The budget of the project will be $65000. The initiative will be stirred to harbor pregnant women who are more informed about the health benefits of being smoking free. Background and context Health issue Most of the babies in Illinois State that have been born to pregnant women who were smoking have been of a lower weight, born prematurely, contract the Sudden Infant death Syndrome and some are born with birth abnormities. Smoking can be defined as the inhalation of tobacco through its products either directly or indirectly. The effects of smoking on the unborn babies are not caused by the smoking of the mother alone but even by the second and third-hand smoking. Second-hand smoking refers to the inhalation of tobacco smoke from a cigar from a smoker. The inhalation of this smoke has the effects of reducing the weight of the newborn babies, prompts ear problems, development of asthmatic and lung infections that instigate SIDS amongst babies after birth(1). Third-hand smoking describes the inhalation of the remains of cigar that could have clogged on household items like carpets after the smoking of cigar(2). Babies that breathe in the third-hand smoke are likely to contract to breathe problem-related infections. The project will incorporate all these definitions to attain its predetermined objectives fully. Community Illinois State will be the primary geographical area of focus. The targeted population will be women Health issue justification Importance It is imperative to identify that smoking during pregnancy is a factor that has contributed to high mortality deaths due to the adverse effects that babies are exposed to. The mother also is exposed to health risks that are related to smoking(1). Avoidance of smoking amongst pregnant women has health benefits that are not limited to; Babies Babies are born more mature. Sudden infant death syndrome probabilities are curbed. Babies are born healthy with the right weights and free from breathing problems Cases of stillbirths are controlled. Mother More healthy during pregnancy Reduced complication at the time of delivering the baby. The teeth will be whiter that is free from the dark brown stains from tar in the cigar. The skin will have a more even tone which is free from wrinkles. The women will be proactive and in a better place to take care of the baby. The sensitivity to smell or to taste will be improved. Trends Data that is specific to the Illinois state is currently not available. The patterns that will be used will relate to the United States statistics on the issue. The statistics indicate that over 40000 individuals in the United States die due to second-hand smoking(1).The prevalence of tobacco use in women is 13.7%. 23.6% of women smoked during pregnancy, 10.8% used cigars during pregnancy, and 16% smoked after giving birth. Importance/Costs of the Trends Data relating to the expenses that directly describe the smoking based effects amongst pregnant women is not available. There is evidence that smoking is common amongst pregnant women but there are no specifics on the costs that are associated with tobacco use in pregnancy. Efforts are underway to utilize the Smoking-Attributable Mortality Morbidity and Economic Costs (SAMMEC). SAMMEC will aid in the generation of data that will estimate the costs that will give a connotation on the costs that the health sector incurs in the increased smoking in pregnancy(2). The SAMMEC will constitute the analysis of the direct and indirect costs associated with the mortality and the morbidity. The SAMMEC is a tool that is used in the controlling of tobacco consumption amongst individuals in the USA. Interventions Health care givers ensure that pregnant women that visit the health care centers in Illinois are screened of any tobacco substances in their systems. The results of the tests are then forwarded to the community initiative program coordinators who render health care services to the affected women. Testing for smoking is crucial whenever one visits a health center just like any other test.The government has allocated sufficient resources in terms of facilities to aid in the providence of medical care to the affected women. Evidence based strategies are utilized so that the healthcare services are tailored to fit the needs of the target population(6). The community is incorporated in the reducing of the cases that are related to smoking in women. For instance, it is involved in education programs that sensitize the women on the effects of tobacco use in pregnancy.The health caregivers deal with individuals so as to create an avenue for monitoring of the affected group so as to realize the effectiveness of the community initiatives. Feasibility Illinois state has had some programs that have contributed to the wellness of pregnant women as smoking is concerned. The supporting organizations include; Fight for Air Climb Lung Force American Lung Association Evidence for goal, objectives, and sub-objectives Objective Research that is related to dynamism in the health care providing to the population. Sub-Objective 1.1: It is to the health care evident that when education initiatives are made to the health care givers, then knowledge management will improve to an 8% healthy level. The number of informal caregivers will decline by an estimated 5%. Sub-Objective 1.2: With the professional health caregivers, the quality of medical care will improve by 5% with instances of professional undue care reduced by 2.5% which is admirable by the year 2019. Objective 2: Integration of community programs, the government and the tobacco producing companies(2).The bid is to ensure the support of the major stakeholders in the reducing of the tobacco use by pregnant women. Sub-Objective 2.1 Community programs, the government and tobacco companies should be sensitized on the significance of eradication of tobacco consumption amongst pregnant women and so that they can fully support the program that aims to reduce its health effects(3). Sub-objective 2.2 Regulation of marketing of the tobacco products should be implemented to reduce the enticements of the marketing strategies amongst women of childbearing age(4). Goal From the two objectives listed, the principal aim of the project would be to entirely eradicate the smoking in pregnant women to realize a healthy community Health issue analysis Primary stakeholders: Women to be mothers Babies born by smoking women Secondary stakeholders: Families Peers Health care givers Tobacco companies The government Project partners: American Lung Association Goal, objectives, and sub-objectives Goal: To eradicate smoking in pregnant women in Illinois State Objectives and sub-objectives Objective 1: Increasing the competence level by 7% amongst the medical caregivers in the next five years. Sub-objective 1.1: Increasing knowledge management by 8% by 2019. A decline in the number of informal caregivers. Sub-objective 1.2: Professional undue care will be reduced by 2.5%, and the quality of medical care will improve by 5%. Objective 2: Integration of all the stakeholders in support of the eradication of smoking in pregnancy. Sub-objective 2.1: Educating of the stakeholders of the importance of smoking free pregnant women Sub-objective 2.2: Regulation of marketing of tobacco programs via media platforms. References Suzuki K, Sato M, Zheng W, Shinohara R, Yokomichi H, Yamagata Z. Effect of maternal smoking cessation before and during early pregnancy on fetal and childhood growth. Journal of Epidemiology. 2014 Jan 5; 24(1): p. 60-6. Novakovic B, Ryan J, Pereira N, Boughton B, Craig JM, Saffery R.. Postnatal stability, tissue, and time specific effects of AHRR methylation change in response to maternal smoking in pregnancy. Epigenetics. ; 9(3): p. 377-86. Dolan CV, Geels L, Vink JM, Beijsterveldt CE, Neale MC, Bartels M, Boomsma DI. Testing causal effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy on offsprings externalizing and internalizing behavior. Behavior genetics. 2016 May 1; 46(3): p. 378-88. Skripak JM. Persistent effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy on lung function and asthma in adolescents. Pediatrics134(Supplement 3): S146-.S146. 2014 Nov 1. Dior UP, Lawrence GM, Sitlani C, Enquobahrie D, Manor O, Siscovick DS, Friedlander Y, Hochner H.. Parental smoking during pregnancy and offspring cardio-metabolic risk factors at ages 17 and 32. Atherosclerosis. 2014 Aug 31; 235(2): p. 430-437. Chamberlain C, O'Mara?Eves A, Oliver S, Caird JR, Perle SM, SJ, Thomas J. Psychosocial interventions for supporting women to stop smoking in pregnancy: The Cochrane Library.; 2013 Oct 23. A. H. Patterns of quitting smoking during pregnancy and subtypes of preterm birth. In141st Tong VT, Dietz PM, Morrow B, D'Angelo DV, Farr SL, Rockhill KM, England LJ. Trends in smoking before, during, and after pregnancyPregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, United States, 40 sites, 20002010. 2013 Nov 8; 62: p. 1-9. Castrillo SM, Rankin KM, David RJ, Collins Jr JW.. l. ;18(10). Small-for-gestational age and preterm birth across generations: a population-based study of Illinois births. Maternal and child health journal. 2014 Dec 1; 18(10): p. 2456-64. Rockhill KM, Tong VT, Farr SL, Robbins CL, D'Angelo DV, England LJ. Postpartum smoking relapse after quitting during pregnancy: pregnancy risk assessment monitoring system. Journal of Women's Health. 20002011. 2016 May 1; 25(5): p. 480-8.